India, with its vast network of rivers, is home to a diverse range of freshwater fish species. These fishes are not only an essential part of the country’s aquatic biodiversity but also hold significant economic, cultural, and dietary value. Here’s a look at 10 popular fishes found in Indian rivers.

1. Rohu (Labeo rohita)

Rohu is one of the most widely consumed freshwater fishes in India, particularly in states like West Bengal, Odisha, and Bihar. It belongs to the carp family and is known for its delicious taste and high protein content. Rohu thrives in rivers like the Ganges, Brahmaputra, and Mahanadi.

2. Catla (Catla catla)

Another popular Indian carp, Catla, is recognized by its large head and wide mouth. It is an essential fish in Indian aquaculture and is commonly found in rivers like the Yamuna, Ganges, and Krishna. Catla grows rapidly and is a favorite choice for commercial fish farming.

3. Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha)

Hilsa, often called the “King of Fish,” is a delicacy in India, especially in Bengal, Assam, and Odisha. It is an anadromous fish, migrating from the sea to freshwater rivers like the Ganges, Godavari, and Hooghly for breeding. Hilsa is highly valued for its rich flavor and high omega-3 content.

4. Mahseer (Tor species)

Mahseer is one of India’s most famous game fishes and is often referred to as the “Tiger of Indian Rivers.” Found in rivers like the Ganges, Cauvery, and Brahmaputra, Mahseer is known for its size and strength, making it a prized catch for anglers. The Golden Mahseer, in particular, is a highly sought-after species.

5. Mystus (Mystus species)

Mystus, a type of catfish, is commonly found in Indian rivers such as the Godavari, Krishna, and Narmada. It is known for its soft texture and unique taste, making it a favorite among fish lovers. Mystus species are also hardy and can survive in diverse aquatic conditions.

6. Magur (Clarias batrachus)

Also known as the Walking Catfish, Magur is a hardy species found in rivers, ponds, and swamps across India. It is rich in nutrients and is often recommended for patients recovering from illnesses due to its high protein content. Magur can survive in low-oxygen environments, making it highly adaptable.

7. Tengra (Mystus tengara)

Tengra is a small, freshwater catfish that is widely found in Indian rivers and wetlands. It is a staple in Bengali and North Indian cuisine due to its tender meat and mild flavor. This fish is abundant in the Ganges and Brahmaputra river basins.

8. Pabda (Ompok pabda)

Pabda is another popular fish found in the freshwater rivers of India, especially in Eastern and Northeastern states. This fish is known for its soft, white flesh and is often cooked in traditional curries. It is commonly found in the Brahmaputra and Meghna river systems.

9. Indian River Eel (Anguilla bengalensis)

The Indian River Eel is a unique fish species known for its elongated body and high nutritional value. Found in rivers like the Ganges and Godavari, this fish is rich in vitamins and minerals. Eels are often used in traditional medicine and are considered a delicacy in certain regions.

10. Boal (Wallago attu)

Boal, a type of freshwater catfish, is known for its large size and predatory nature. Found in rivers like the Yamuna, Ganges, and Brahmaputra, this fish can grow up to several feet in length. Boal is a preferred fish for curry preparations due to its rich, meaty texture.

Conclusion

India’s rivers are teeming with a wide variety of fish species that contribute to the country’s economy, cuisine, and biodiversity. From the famous Hilsa to the mighty Mahseer, each fish plays a unique role in India’s freshwater ecosystem. Whether for commercial fishing or culinary delights, these fish continue to be an integral part of Indian culture and lifestyle.