What is HMPV?
HMPV is a viral pathogen that causes respiratory infections in people of all age groups. First discovered in 2001, it belongs to the Paramyxoviridae family and closely resembles Respiratory Syncytial Virus, or RSV. HMPV spreads via respiratory droplets from coughing or sneezing, touching contaminated surfaces or coming into direct contact with infected people.
This virus has been responsible for causing illnesses from mild breathing difficulty to severe disease complications, especially among vulnerable populations such as infants, elderly, and impaired immune system. It is highly prevalent globally and tends to peak during late winter and early spring in temperate regions, although it circulates year-round in some areas.
Symptoms of HMPV:
The symptoms of HMPV vary with age, general health and immune response. Mild cases usually involve a runny nose, sore throat, cough and fever, mimicking a common cold. Moderate symptoms may include persistent cough, wheezing and fatigue.
In severe cases, especially in infants, older adults, and those with chronic illnesses, HMPV can lead to complications such as bronchitis, bronchiolitis or pneumonia.
However, SARI leading to hospitalization also occurs. Such severe presentations are of particular concern for high risk groups.
Transmission and Prevention
HMPV spreads in a manner related to other respiratory viruses such as RSV and influenza. The spread is mainly due to respiratory droplets from infected patients or surface contact with contaminated surfaces. Good hand hygiene in particular involves proper and repeated hand washing with soap and running water.
Respiratory etiquette, covering the mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing while wearing a mask, also helps in reducing contagion. Avoid close contact with infected persons and disinfect frequently touched surfaces regularly.
